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Send to friend1. The planting and laddering after 30-40 days of sowing paddy is practiced to have positive effect on tillering of the crop. . Reported by A.K. Gupta(1998)
2. Rough leveling of the surface of paddy fields is done by moving soil with the wooden plate with 1.8 m width and 40 cm height. . Reported by Harikosi(1991)
3. A banana trunk about 3.5 m long is suspended with a rope that is tied around hip of the farmer and is pulled to level the surface of paddy fields. . Reported by Shimda(1991)
4. Economically poor farmers first harvest early paddy by deheading only the panicles and leaving the plant. If there is good late rain they get second crop from the tillers, which had not flowered earlier. . Reported by Rath(1992)
5. Farmers dibble the seed of maize in one line while in another two or three rows they sow paddy seeds or seedlings. Towards the end of July they make on assessment of the pattern and the quantum of rain and accordingly retain one of the two crops. . Reported by Lodha(1992)
6. Crop residues and tree branches are burnt on the rice soil surface at the summer end to improve the structure of clayey soil to make ploughing easy. This is practiced at Maharashtra. . Reported by Rahudkar(1998)
7. Neem cake 50 kgs and Gypsum 25kgs are applied at the time of puddling which prevents pest attack in paddy and improves soil fertility. Reported by K.Lakshmana(2002)
8. In Tamil Nadu, mixtures of three–month and six-month duration paddy varieties are sown together. When the short duration variety is ready for harvesting, both are cut at ground level . A special plough is then used to split the tillers of the six month variety, which grows rapidly and provides a second crop. Reported by Rajiv. K .Sinha(1998)
9. To control harmful green algae, Gundhi (Chara) in rice, 50-100 kgs of plucked Karada leaves are broadcasted in the paddy fields. The algae consumes oxygen from the water of the rice fields and produces carbon dixoide that results in yellowing and dwarfing of rice plants. The toxicants present in the Karada leaves damage the chlorophyll of the green algae. This practice is used in Orissa. Reported by M. Mohanty(2003)
10. Dry and wet broadcast of rice in flood prone areas
a) Dry broadcast of Ahu Rice
In flood prone rice tracts where early harvest is indispensable, the farmers of Bengal traditionally take resort to dry broadcast of short-duration dunai class of local ahu varieties of around 80 days duration. Dry seeding is done in the later part of February to early March with high seed rate around 120%. For such practice, tillage operation for land preparation is done at the earliest opportunity with the help of initial pre-monsoon showers during February. Usually lighter soils are preferred and fertilizer is not applied.
b) Wet broadcast of late Sali
After recession of flood water, wet broadcasting of dunai (70- 80 days duration) and Murali (85 –90 days) classes of indigenous rice varieties are practiced in puddled soil. In this practice sowing has to be completed by the middle of September, as the later sowing will create sterility problem due to low temperature. With the introduction of HYVs the indigenous varieties are constantly being replaced, although the system is still prevalent. The advantage of this practice is that it provides insurance against the risk of flood damage as compared to the existing farming systems. This practice is in use for years with modifications made from time to time regarding the variety. About 70% farmers adopt these practices. Alternatively the farmers go for late transplanting of Sali rice in the second fortnight of September. Reported by J. Choudhary(2003)
File Courtesy:
Indigenous Technical Knowledge in Rice Cultivation. P. Muthuraman and Shaik. N. Meera